Petrobras 36
| History | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Name |
|
| Owner | Marítima |
| Operator | Petrobras |
| Builder |
|
| Cost | US$350 million |
| Laid down | 1986 |
| Acquired | 1995 |
| Out of service | 20 March 2001 |
| Identification | IMO number: 8916566 |
| Fate | Capsized and sank |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | RINA (drilling and production unit, self-propelled) |
| Tonnage | 33,000 GT |
| Length | 112.78 m |
| Beam | 77.72 |
| Height | 42.67 m (to main deck) |
| Capacity |
|
Petrobras 36 (P-36) was a floating semi-submersible oil platform. Prior to its sinking on 20 March 2001, it was the largest in the world.[1] It was owned by Petrobras, a semi-public Brazilian oil company headquartered in Rio de Janeiro.[2] The cost of the platform was US$350 million (currently US$622 million).[3]
The vessel was built at the Fincantieri shipyard in Genoa, Italy in 1995 as a drilling rig. She was owned then by Società Armamento Navi Appoggio S.p.A. The 33,000 tonnes (36,000 short tons) rig was converted into the world's largest oil production platform by Davie Shipbuilding in Lévis, Quebec.[citation needed]
P-36 was operating for Petrobras on the Roncador oil field, 130 kilometres (80 mi) off the Brazilian coast, producing about 84,000 barrels (13,400 m3) of crude per day.[4]
P-36 was replaced by FPSO Brasil, a ship-shaped floating platform leased from SBM Offshore. The FPSO started its lease contract with Petrobras in December 2002. It was demobilized in 2014. In 2007, the semi-submersible platform P-52, built in Singapore and Brazil, came into operation to further supplement production.
Accident
[edit]In the early hours of 15 March 2001 there were two explosions in the aft starboard column at or around the emergency drain tank. The first explosion was caused by an overpressure event, the second by ignition of leaking hydrocarbon vapor.[5] At the time there were 175 people on the rig; 11 were killed. Following the explosions, the rig developed a 16° list, sufficient to allow down-flooding from the submerged fairlead boxes.[citation needed]
Marine salvage teams tried over the weekend to save the platform by pumping nitrogen and compressed air into the tanks to expel the water, but they abandoned the rig due to bad weather.[6]
The platform sank on 20 March in 1,200 m (3,940 ft) of water with an estimated 1,500 tonnes (1,700 short tons) of crude oil remaining on board.[citation needed]
See also
[edit]
References
[edit]- ^ "Petrobras P-36". Bluestarline. Retrieved 22 November 2010.
- ^ Investor Relations. "Shareholders' Information". Petrobras. Archived from the original on 30 May 2010. Retrieved 20 May 2010.
- ^ 1634–1699: McCusker, J. J. (1997). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1700–1799: McCusker, J. J. (1992). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1800–present: Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. "Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–". Retrieved February 29, 2024.
- ^ "Petrobras P-36". Oil Rig Disasters. Archived from the original on 3 June 2010.
- ^ "Petrobras Platform P-36 Explosions, Brazil". Oil Rig Disasters. 14 April 2008. Retrieved 19 August 2010.
- ^ Gibb, Tom (21 March 2001). "Post mortem into rig disaster begins". BBC.
External links
[edit]- BBC article
- NASA Safety Center report
- Sinking of the Petrobras P-36: Photographs of the platform's sinking.
- SustainAbility case study: Costs of the accident
- Roncador field development on Offshore Technology
- Offshore article: Sinking Sequence of P36